Allison Burke's daughter was struggling.
The American teenager had uncontrolled emotions,
a decreased ability to pay attention,
and trouble completing work on time.
A family doctor suggested testing for
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD.
This led to an unexpected discovery.
The teen had ADHD, and her mother, Allison Burke, did too.
During her daughter's testing, Burke thought,
Wait a minute, this sounds familiar.
I was able to piece together that this might be something
I was experiencing, said Burke,
who lives in Columbus, Ohio.
She sought testing for herself,
and was diagnosed with ADHD at 42 years old.
More adults are being diagnosed with ADHD.
Diagnoses have been rising for at least 20 years,
but seem to have increased sharply in the last few years.
A recent government study suggested
that more than 15 million adults in the United States,
about 1 in 17, have been diagnosed with ADHD.
The condition starts in childhood,
but about half of adults with ADHD
are diagnosed when they are 18 or older.
Some doctors say the number of people seeking ADHD testing is sharply increasing.
Justin R. Clinic requests for assessments
have doubled in the last two years, said Justin Bartarian.
He is a psychologist based at Ohio State University.
ADHD makes it hard for people to pay attention and control their behaviors.
The disorder can be genetic.
Doctors often treat the disorder with drugs, behavioral therapy, or both.
Judy Sandler is 62 years old
and lives in the U.S. state of Maine.
She was diagnosed in her 50s.
Sandler describes what ADHD feels like for her.
It's like there's an engine in you,
and you feel like it's always running,
and you can't turn it off except with medication, Sandler said.
ADHD has been called the most commonly diagnosed
mental health disorder in American children.
More than 7 million children in the U.S. have been diagnosed.
The disorder was once thought to be something
that resolved as children became adults.
But now, experts say, they believe that many people
are not diagnosed as kids
and that the disorder continues into adulthood.
Adults with the condition talk about having trouble focusing on immediate responsibilities and planning their time.
Some say the disorder has led to problems in their personal relationships.
Diagnoses have been increasing in both kids and adults.
The recent government report also found
adult ADHD was more common than earlier estimates had suggested.
We haven't had federal adult ADHD data in a long time, said Angelika Clausen.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention researcher
was one of the study's writers.
There were signs of the rise, she added.
Increasing demand for ADHD medication
led to severe shortages after the COVID-19 pandemic hit in March 2020.
A 2023 study showed the rise in prescriptions,
or doctors' orders for such medication,
was notable in adults, especially among women.
ADHD diagnoses and medication were increasing before the pandemic.
This is partly because of a change
in general diagnostic measures in 2013.
Those changes expanded the definition of ADHD
and reduced the number of signs, or symptoms, required for diagnosis.
But cases really seemed to increase in 2020,
when schools closed and many adults
were forced to work from home.
It's very difficult to focus when you are home
and you have kids, Clausen said.
She said such conditions may have worsened ADHD symptoms
in people with less severe cases.
Experts say that it was long believed
that ADHD was underdiagnosed in adults.
Now, experts debate about whether it has become overdiagnosed.
There is no blood or brain test for the disorder.
Experts say it is diagnosed when symptoms
cause ongoing problems in more than one area of life
and when those symptoms began in early childhood.
Experts say the best way professionals diagnosed ADHD
is by getting careful histories from patients
and from people who know them.
They also might test a patient's memory and ability to focus.
But getting an appointment with a mental health professional can take months,
and assessments can cost thousands of dollars.
Many people turn to family doctors.
People also take online diagnostic tests,
some of which are linked to health companies that prescribe medications.
There is a wide variability in this country
in how people diagnose, how strict they are,
and who they diagnose, said Margaret Sibley.
She is a psychologist at University of Washington.
The American Professional Society of ADHD
and related disorders is preparing a set of diagnosis
and treatment guidelines for American health professionals who treat adults.
Sibley is leading the work on the guidelines,
which the organization expects to release later this year. I'm Ana Mateo. And I'm Jill Robbins.